If you’re considering medication to help manage your anxiety, you may feel uncertain about where to start. With so many options available, you may be asking yourself, “Which anxiety med is best for me?” Explore some of the most common anxiety drugs, their benefits, and potential side effects to help you make an informed decision.
Types of Anxiety Medications
Anxiety medications fall into several categories, with each working a little differently to alleviate symptoms. Some of the most commonly prescribed anxiety medications include:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Benzodiazepines
- Hydroxyzine
- Buspirone
- Beta-blockers
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
SSRIs are often the first-line treatment for anxiety disorders. They work by increasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood. Common SSRIs include:
- Sertraline (Zoloft)
- Escitalopram (Lexapro)
- Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- Paroxetine (Paxil)
- Citalopram (Celexa)
- Vilazodone (Viibryd)
- Vortioxetine (Trintellix)
These medications are generally well-tolerated but can cause side effects such as nausea, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction. It can take several weeks for SSRIs to reach their full effect, so be patient when starting these medications.
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
SNRIs work similarly to SSRIs but also affect norepinephrine, another neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation. Common SNRIs include:
- Venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
- Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
These medications may be especially beneficial if you have chronic pain along with anxiety, as they can address both issues simultaneously. Like SSRIs, SNRIs take several weeks to become fully effective and may cause side effects such as increased blood pressure and dizziness.
Benzodiazepines
These fast-acting medications provide quick relief from anxiety symptoms. Common examples include:
- Alprazolam (Xanax)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- Diazepam (Valium)
- Lorazepam (Ativan)
While effective for short-term use, benzodiazepines can be habit-forming and are typically prescribed for acute anxiety or panic attacks rather than long-term management. Side effects may include drowsiness, dizziness, and dependence if used for prolonged periods.
Hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine. While this type of medication is usually reserved for treating allergies, some of them, like hydroxyzine (Vistaril), can be used to treat anxiety. It blocks histamine receptors in the brain, which has a calming effect. It also helps with sleep and reduces nausea.
Unlike other anxiety medications, hydroxyzine is non-addictive and works quickly. Because it doesn’t carry the risk of dependency, hydroxyzine is often used as an alternative to benzodiazepines for those who need short-term anxiety relief without the risk of addiction. The most common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness.
Buspirone
Buspirone is a non-benzodiazepine medication prescribed specifically for anxiety. It’s not as sedating as benzodiazepines and has a lower risk of dependency. However, it can take a few weeks to start working and may not be as effective for severe anxiety. Common side effects include dizziness, headaches, and nausea.
Beta-Blockers
Beta-blockers are primarily used to treat heart conditions but can also be effective for situational anxiety, such as performance anxiety. They work by blocking the physical symptoms of anxiety, like rapid heart rate and trembling, without affecting the mental aspects of anxiety. Common beta-blockers include:
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Atenolol (Tenormin)
These medications are best used occasionally, as needed, rather than as a daily treatment. Users may experience dizziness, shortness of breath, mild fatigue, and cold hands and feet resulting from a temporarily slowed heart rate and reduced circulation.
Choosing the Right Medication for You
When determining which anxiety medication is best for you, consider these factors:
- Type of anxiety disorder: Different medications may be more effective for you than others, depending on whether you have generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), panic disorder, or another form of anxiety.
- Side effects: Some medications have more tolerable side effects than others. For example, SSRIs are considered the anxiety medications with the fewest side effects. Their favorable safety profiles often make them the go-to options for doctors prescribing to new patients.
- Existing health conditions: Certain medications may not be suitable if you have other health issues. For instance, beta-blockers are typically not recommended for individuals with asthma because they can constrict airways.
- Response to previous medications: If you’ve tried anxiety medications before, your doctor may consider what has or hasn’t worked for you in the past.
- Personal preferences: Some people prefer medications that don’t cause sedative effects, while others prioritize options with the lowest risk of dependency.
Should I Be on Anxiety Medication?
Deciding whether to start anxiety medication is a personal decision that should be made in consultation with your healthcare provider. Medications can be life-changing for many, but they’re not the only option. Therapy, lifestyle changes, and coping strategies can also be effective in managing anxiety. If you’re unsure, discuss your symptoms, concerns, and treatment goals with a doctor to help clarify the best course of action.
Mindwell Urgent Care Treats Anxiety in Texas
It can be challenging to navigate anxiety treatment options alone. If you need help, turn to Mindwell Urgent Care. We have a physical office in Dallas, TX, but treat patients across Texas and the US thanks to our telepsychiatric virtual visits. Our patient-centered approach means we’re here to help you find the right solution, whether that’s medication, therapy, or a combination of treatments. With same- and next-day urgent care available, we’re committed to providing safe, immediate assistance. Contact us today to create a personalized anxiety treatment plan that meets your needs.